Diabetes Disease Recommended Numbers

Checking your blood glucose levels often through out the day will help you to figure out how to keep good control.

Recommended Blood Glucose Numbers.

Diabetes disease is a condition that does not let the body produce or properly use insulin.

Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. The This is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2. There are 57 million Americans who have pre-diabetes, in addition to the 23.6 million with diabetes disease.

What are the Right Numbers To Control Diabetes Disease?

Depending on where you look, recommended blood glucose levels can vary. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) numbers differ from the American College of Endocrinology (ACE) guidelines. The ACE recommendations are more strict than the ADA's. How do you know which to follow? Ask your healthcare provider which goals are right for you. The table below compares the two sets of guidelines for blood glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol.

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How many times a day should you check your blood glucose levels?

Checking your blood glucose levels often through out the day will help you to figure out how to keep good control. First thing in the morning before breakfast, two hours after a meal and before bed are good times to test. Other recommended times include before, during and after an exercise session, especially if it is strenuous or if you are feeling like your blood sugar may be low or high.

Type 1 Diabetes

Results from the body's failure to produce insulin, the hormone that "unlocks" the cells of the body, allowing glucose to enter and fuel them. It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with this disease have type-1-diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes

Results from insulin resistance (a condition in which the body fails to properly use insulin), combined with relative insulin deficiency. Most Americans who are diagnosed have type 2.

Gestational Diabetes

Immediately after pregnancy, 5% to 10% of women with gestational diabetes are found to have it, usually, type 2.

This is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2. There are 57 million Americans who have pre-diabetes, in addition to the 23.6 million with diabetes disease.

What is the A1C?

It's a blood test that helps you and your doctor monitor your overall glucose control.

It gives an average of the amount of glucose in your blood over a few months' time. It is usually ordered 2 to 4 times a year. If you are newly diagnosed or having trouble maintaining good day-to-day control, it may be ordered more often.

Beta glucan Lowers Blood Lipids of Diabetes Disease, reduces serum lipid levels, according to research presented in April at the First International Congress on pre-diabetes.

Pre-Diabetes Disease and Metabolic Syndrome.

In the six-week study, 76 men and 79 women with hypercholesterolemia, aged 25 to 73, completed a four-week lowfat diet prior to baseline. At the beginning of the trial, test subjects were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups or a control group and assayed for blood lipids and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers. During the course of the study, test groups were administered 3 g and 5 g doses of low molecular weight (LMW) or high molecular weight (HMW) barley beta-glucan (from Cargill) twice daily, in cereal and juice.

Post-treatment assessment of blood lipids and other CVD biomarkers revealed improvements in low-density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, markers of glycemic control(glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA model) and a key marker of inflammation(hs-CRP).

The researchers concluded both doses of LMW and HMW barley beta-glucan improved blood lipids over a six-week treatment period for diabetes disease.

There are 23.6 million children and adults in the United States, or 7.8% of the population, who have this diabetes disease. While an estimated 17.9 million have been diagnosed, unfortunately, 5.7 million people (or nearly one quarter) are unaware that they have the disease.

Different Types Of Tests

In order to determine whether or not a patient is diabetic, health care providers conduct a Fasting Plasma Glucose Test (FPG) or an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Either test can be used to diagnose it. The American Diabetes Association recommends the FPG because it is easier, faster, and less expensive to perform.

With the FPG test, a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dl signals pre-diabetes. A person with a fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dl or higher has diabetes.

In the OGTT test, a person's blood glucose level is measured after a fast and two hours after drinking a glucose-rich beverage. If the two-hour blood glucose level is between 140 and 199 mg/dl, the person tested has pre-diabetes. If the two-hour blood glucose level is at 200 mg/dl or higher, the person tested positive.

Sources: http://www.diabetes.org/about-diabetes.jsp

"Checking Your Blood Glucose." American Diabetes Association. ADA. 15 Dec 2006

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology, "The AACE System of Intensive Diabetes Self-Management - 2002 Update." The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Endocrine Practice Vol. 8. 2002.